Check-valve for soil-pipe ventilators



(No Model.)vv

L. B. SAWYER. CHECK VALVE FOR SOIL PIPE VENTILATOR'S.

PatentedApr.` 20, 1886.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT iricE.

LEMUEL B. SAWYEB, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

" .CH EoK-'VVALVE Foa somt-IPE VENTILATORS.

selecteren-rior: for-rang part of Letters Patentl No. 340,157, dared April zo, 1886.

Application tiled October 19, 1885. Serial No. 180,300. (No model.)

To (LEZ whom, it umg/concern:

Be it known that l, LEMUEIJ B. SAWYER, of Boston, (Jamaica Plain,) in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful CheckfValve for Soil-Pipe Ventilatore, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

ln most cities which have a system of underground sewers with which the house-drains connect, the owners of buildings which are provided with sinks and water-closetsl which discharge into drains connected with the sewers, are required to carry the soilpipes through the roof of the building and some l distance above the same, and to trap their drains between' the building and the sewer, all for the purpose of preventing sewer-gas from entering the rooms of the building-and Ventilating the drains and soil-pipe by'conveying the foul odors to the open air above the top of the building. It has been found, however, that this Ventilating-pipe'does n-ot ventilate to any considerable extent, unless air is admitted to the drainv or soil pipe at or near its lowest point, as the air in said pipe will remain as dead air if one end of the pipe is closed, and hence it has become common to insert a short stand-pipe into the drain outside of the building and between it and the trap, the upper end of said stand-pipe being open to the air just above ground. By this arrangement a current of air will be kept moving through the drain and'soil-pipe from the end of said short stand-pipe to the discharge of the soil-pipe above the roof of the building, and perfect ventilation will result, except as hereinafter stated.

Whenever the contents of the pan of a watercloset are dumped into the soil upon the second, third, or fourth'iloors of the building, the mass of matter falling through the soilpipe to the horizontal drain acts as a piston to force all the air or gas below it toward the sewer, and as it can escape through the short stand-pipe above referred to easier than it can through the trap into the sewer, the foul gases are forced through said stand-.pipe into the open air, perhaps directly beneath the pai-lorwindow, creating for the time being a great nuisance. v

To abate this nuisance and at the same time 'stand-pipe broken away.

retain the proper circulation of air through the drain and soil pipe is the object of my invention; and it consists in a cheek-valve applied to the end of said stand-pipe, constructed and arranged to be closed substantiallyr air-tight whenever there is a back-pressure to force the body of air in the drain toward `the sewer and to be opened again automatically when said back-pressure is removed.

It further consists in certain novel features of construction, arrangement, and combination of parts which will be readily understood by reference to the description ot' the drawings, and to the claims to be hereinafter given.

Figure l of the drawingsis an elevation of my checlcvalve with a portion of the hood or Shield and of the pipe for coupling it to the Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of the same, cutting through two ofthe air-passages and valves. Fig. 3 is an elevation of a portion of one of the valves land illustrating the manner of hanging the same, andFigL 1 is a vertical section of one wall of a building and illustrating the arrangement of thedrain, soil-pipe, and standpipe with my cheek-valve applied thereto.

In the drawings, A is the wall of thebuilding; A', A", A, and A4, the several floors thereof; C, the drain provided with the trap C; D, the'soil-pipe; E, the stand-pipe, and F, F", F2, and F3 represent water-closet bowls.

-My check -valve consists of a iiat -sided casing,G, made preferably hexagonal oroctagonal and secured at its lower end to ther-ing H, provided with the short pipe H', to enter the stand-pipe E and support the casing in position. The upper end of the casing G has formed thereon the outwardly projecting flange a, to the ripper side of which is secured the liange b of the inverted cone I, as shown. The outer edge of the ange a of the casing G is provided with the upwardly-projecting annular lip c, which fits the interior of the cylindrical portion of the hood J, and t-o which said hood is secured by the screws c c', as shown. The easing G has formed in one or more of its sides an air passage or port, d, through'which air may enter the stand-pipe E and rise through the soil-pipe D and be discharged from its upper end by virtue of the draft in that direction caused by the greater IOO altitude of the end of the soil-.pipe above the end of the stand-pipe.

e e are clappervalves, made of thin light material and pivoted at their lower end, as shown in Fig. 3, to the interior of the casing G, and constructed and arranged to fall away from the openings or ports d whenever the outward pressure is removed, and to antomatically close said ports whenever the air attem pts to escape through said ports.

g g are adjustable stops to limit the distance to which the valves e e shall open.

The operation of my invention is asfollows: So long as no water-closet is being used, the valves e e remain open, as shown in Fig. 2, and a current of air is constantly passing down the pipe E, along the drain-pipe C, up the soilpipe D, and being discharged from the upper end ol'soil'ppe D, but the moment a panofone ot the closets is dumped. and its contents discharged into the soil-pipe D, the upward current ot' air and gases is checked and forced in the opposite direction, thus causing a current of air and gases up the stand-pipe E, which, being dellected by the inverted cone I, im pinges upon and closes thel valves e e, thus etl'ectually preventing` the escape of foul gases and odors, and the discharge is forced into the trap. As soon as the discharge has reached the drain and spread itsell' along its bottom, the outward pressure upon thc valves e e ceases and said valves open, and the normal condition of the circulation is restored. The cylindrical portion of the hood J extends downward to or below the bottom of the airpassages d, to prevent snow and ice accumulating in saidV passages and preventing the action of' the valves, and also to prevent high winds from injuriously aiecting the operation of the valves.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In combination with the drain -pipe C, the soil-pipe D, and the stand-pipe E, a perforated valve-casing, a series of pvoted valves and adjustable stops for regulating the extent oi'opening to be given to the valves, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the drain-pipe C, the soil-pipe D, the stand-pipe E, the perforated casing, and pivoted valves, the inverted conical detlector extending downward below the valves, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. In combination with the drain -pipe C, the soil-pipe D, the stand pipe E, the perforated casing` and pivoted valves, the hood inclosing the upper portion of said casing and extending downward to thev bottom ol' the openings in said casing, substantially as and for thel purposes described.

In testimony wliereoi'l have signed my name to this specification,in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 12th day of October, A. D. 1885.

LEMUEL B. SAWYER.

Witnesses:

JOHN MCGRATH, WALTER E. LOMBARD. 

